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Style Guides: APA, MLA, ASA, AMA & Chicago

MLA Handbook

In 2021, MLA published a new handbook of style.

Some of the changes:

  • expanded, in-depth guidance on how to use the MLA template of core elements to create works-cited-list entries that shows what each core element is, where to find it, and how to style it
  • a new chapter containing recommendations for using inclusive language
  • updated guidelines on avoiding plagiarism
  • new, expanded guidelines on spelling, punctuation, capitalization, and more

Note: The 9th edition is the latest edition of this style but faculty might still be using an older edition. Ask your instructor which edition to follow for your assignments.

In 2016, MLA published a new handbook of style.

Some of the changes:

  • All citations now follow one basic "core elements" standard, instead of having specific rules for different source types. 
  • Volume and numbers or issues are now abbreviated. (before 28.5; now vol.28, no.5,) 
  • Place of publication, medium of publication, and date of access are omitted.

Note: This edition has been replaced by the 9th edition. Ask your instructor which edition to follow for your assignments. 

In 2009, MLA published the 7th edition of handbook of style. 

Some of the rules:

  • Using italics instead of underlines.
  • All citations now include an indication of the medium of the source that was viewed (e.g. Print or Web)
  • Not including a URL when citing Web Resources unless specifically directed to do so by an instructor.

Note: This edition has been replaced by the 8th and 9th editions. Ask your instructor which edition to follow for your assignments. 

MLA Resources

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