Guidelines and models are based on the format presented in the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association. Individual instructors may have additional requirements for student papers.
The American Psychological Association's own style site is the most accurate and up-to-date guide of their publication manual. Below is a list of APA's Official Resources:
Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL) is one of the most useful guidelines in academia, they cover numerous citation styles including APA, MLA, Chicago, IEEE, and others.
In addition, you count with tutoring support provided by the Center for Academic Success (CAS) to help you using APA, MLA, Chicago styles. You can make an appointment at Waterfront Plaza Building 6, 4th floor and the Learning Commons.
General Format (p. 43-67):
Writing & Grammar (p. 120-121):
Reference List (p. 281 - 309):
In-Text Citation
APA7 style requires that in-text citations consist of the author(s) and date, in brackets, with a comma in between, eg; (Abbott, 2020).
DOI stands for digital object identifier and it is a unique alphanumeric string that is used to identify a certain source (typically journal articles). Not all journal articles or books have DOIs but per APA style if there is a DOI you must use it in the citation.
APA 7th edition standardizes DOI formatting to begin with https://doi.org/
Most databases provide DOI information, for articles that have them, in the articles' descriptions record. DOI are sometimes placed above or at the top or bottom of an article's first page.
The following guidelines is from the American Psychological Association (APA) Style Blog posted on April 7th 2023. Due to the rapid developments in Artificial Intelligence (AI) these guidelines may be updated periodically. Please refer to the APA Style Blog, "How to cite ChatGPT"
Quoting or Reproducing Text created by ChatGPT adapted from the template for software in Section 10.10 of the APA Style Publication Manual
Material Type |
Software Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools (eg. ChatGPT) |
In-Text Citation |
...as generated by the generative AI program (OpenAI, 2023) According to OpenAI (2023) ChatGPT states that the |
Reference List | OpenAI. (2023). ChatGTP (Mar 14 version) [Large language model]. https:chat.openai.com/chat |
In October 2019, APA published the newest manual of style the 7th edition.
Some of the major changes include:
Copies of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (7th edition) are available at Waterfront Library for Library use only.
Library |
Shelf Location |
Call Number |
Waterfront Library |
Ref, Ref Desk, General (2 copies) |
BF 76.7 .P83 2020 |